In 2007, NOAA added nine new marine zones to the sanctuary, eight of which are no-take marine reserves. The islands surrounded by the no-take MPAs are not inhabited by people, and only limited scientific research is allowed on them. The sanctuary encompasses about 3,807 square kilometers (1,470 square miles) of water surrounding Anacapa, Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, San Miguel, and Santa Barbara Islands. Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary, California The Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary is a multiple-use MPA located in the Santa Barbara Channel, off the southern coast of the U.S. Through these experiments, scientists are better able to understand how human activities affect the marine environment. They may also serve as outdoor laboratories that allow scientists to compare the undisturbed areas of a no-take area to those impacted by human activities. No-take zones within multiple-use MPAs usually protect the spawning grounds of many aquatic species.

Multiple-use MPAs regulate the amount of extractive activity, as well as recreation and scientific research, that can take place in a protected area. Most no-take zones are often part of multiple-use MPAs, where different levels of activity are allowed in different zones.

However, archaeologists, treasure hunters, and the oil and mining industries are also often critical of no-take MPAs. Throughout the world, the fishing industry is the most powerful opponent of no-take zones. Sport fishing and commercial fishing are often important industries in coastal areas. Most countries and states have fisheries that depend on the extraction of marine life. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), no-take MPAs totally prohibit the extraction or significant destruction of natural or cultural resources. No-take zones are a specific type of marine protected area (MPA). No-take zones offer a greater amount of protection to the ecosystems, habitats, and species within the boundaries of those larger, and less restrictive, protected areas. These protected areas, sometimes part of national or state parks, are located on both land and open water, such as lakes and oceans. No-take zones usually make up part of larger protected areas. Shell collecting and archaeological digging are also extractive. Extractive activities include fishing, hunting, logging, mining, and drilling. Extractive activity is any action that removes, or extracts, any resource. A no-take zone is an area set aside by the government where no extractive activity is allowed.

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